Stephanie A. Flowers
Assistant Professor, College of Pharmacy- Pharmacy Practice
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About Heading link
Overview:
My current research interest involves studying how medication interacts with microbial communities, and how that affects clinical outcomes. Research from my lab and others have shown that atypical antipsychotic administration results in changes in gut microbial communities that associates with deleterious outcomes in users including metabolic abnormalities. As antipsychotics and other neurotropic medications are known to have antimicrobial activity, we are also working to understand the contribution of antipsychotics medication to antibiotic resistance generation. There is a critical need to expand antimicrobial surveillance techniques beyond pathogens isolated from hospitals to include potential resistance mechanisms spread from commensal microorganisms in the human gut. Additionally, resistance surveillance may need to extend beyond the use of antimicrobial agents to include ‘host-directed’, or non-antimicrobial agents, that show activity against gut.
Teaching and Supervision Heading link
PDAT 4: Immunology/Respiratory (PHAR 504), 8/21/2023 – 12/1/2023
PDAT 4: Immunology/Respiratory (PHAR 504), 8/21/2023 – 12/1/2023
PDAT 4: Immunology/Respiratory (PHAR 504), 8/21/2023 – 12/1/2023
PDAT 4: Immunology/Respiratory (PHAR 504), 8/21/2023 – 12/1/2023
PDAT 4: Immunology/Respiratory (PHAR 504), 8/21/2023 – 12/1/2023
Undergrad Resrch Pharm Pract (PMPR 380), 8/21/2023 – 12/1/2023
Undergrad Res Exp Pharm Pract (PMPR 300), 8/21/2023 – 12/1/2023
Undergrad Resrch Pharm Pract (PMPR 380), 1/9/2023 – 4/28/2023
Undergrad Res Exp Pharm Pract (PMPR 300), 1/9/2023 – 4/28/2023
Selected Grants
Antipsychotic Associated Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms in Gut Microbiota, Hans W. Vahlteich Research Award., 2/28/2022 - 2/28/2023, Obligated Amount: $50000; No Anticipated Amount Set
Pilot Grant, Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research., 6/1/2016 - 5/31/2017, Obligated Amount: $50000; No Anticipated Amount Set
Pilot Grant, Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research., 6/1/2016 - 5/31/2017, Obligated Amount: $50000; No Anticipated Amount Set
Community Volunteer Committee Grant, University of Michigan Depression Center., 9/1/2015 - 9/1/2016, Obligated Amount: $3800; No Anticipated Amount Set
Community Volunteer Committee Grant, University of Michigan Depression Center., 9/1/2015 - 9/1/2016, Obligated Amount: $3800; No Anticipated Amount Set
American Society for Microbiology Student Travel Grant, 11th ASM Conference on Candida and Candidiasis., 2012 - Present, No Obligated Amount Set; No Anticipated Amount Set
Small Grant, Le Bonheur Children’s Medical Center Foundation., 8/1/2011 - 8/1/2012, Obligated Amount: $5000; No Anticipated Amount Set
Small Grant, Le Bonheur Children’s Medical Center Foundation., 8/1/2011 - 8/1/2012, Obligated Amount: $5000; No Anticipated Amount Set
Antifungal Research Grant, Society of Infectious Disease Pharmacists/Astellas., 9/1/2009 - 8/1/2010, Obligated Amount: $20000; No Anticipated Amount Set
Selected Publications
Kyono, Yasuhiro, Magboo, Jonathan D, Daley, Elizabeth A, Flowers, Stephanie A. (2024). Antipsychotic quetiapine alters the mouse fecal resistome by impacting antibiotic efflux, cell membrane, and cell wall synthesis genes. Microbiology Spectrum, 12, (1), e03804-e03823. doi:10.1128/spectrum.03804-23.
Ellezian, Lori, Jhawar, Archana, Kyono, Yasuhiro, Flowers, Stephanie A. (2022). Psychotropic Drugs in the Discussion of Antimicrobial-Resistant Microorganisms. DNA and Cell Biology, 41, (11), 919-923. doi:10.1089/dna.2022.0471.
Kyono, Yasuhiro, Ellezian, Lori, Hu, YueYue, Eliadis, Kanella, Moy, Junlone, Hirsch, Elizabeth B, Federle, Michael J, Flowers, Stephanie A. (2022). The Atypical Antipsychotic Quetiapine Promotes Multiple Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology, 204, (5), e00102-e00122. doi:10.1128/jb.00102-22.
Bulman, Zackery P, Tan, Xing, Chu, Ting-Yu, Huang, Yanqin, Rana, Amisha P, Singh, Nidhi, Flowers, Stephanie A, Kyono, Yasuhiro, Kreiswirth, Barry N, Chen, Liang. (2022). Ceftazidime-avibactam based combinations against carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring hypervirulence plasmids. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, 20, 3946-3954. doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2022.07.017.
Vemu, Bhaskar, Tocmo, Restituo, Nauman, Mirielle C, Flowers, Stephanie A, Veenstra, Jacob P, Johnson, Jeremy J. (2021). Pharmacokinetic characterization of carnosol from rosemary (Salvia Rosmarinus) in male C57BL/6 mice and inhibition profile in human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 431, 115729. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2021.115729.
Hamidovic, Ajna, Van Hedger, Kathryne, Choi, So Hee, Flowers, Stephanie, Wardle, Margaret, Childs, Emma. (2020). Quantitative meta-analysis of heart rate variability finds reduced parasympathetic cardiac tone in women compared to men during laboratory-based social stress. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 114, 194-200. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.005.
Flowers, Stephanie A, Bhat, Shubha, Lee, James C. (2020). Potential Implications of Gut Microbiota in Drug Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability. Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 40, (7), 704-712. doi:10.1002/phar.2428.
Flowers, Stephanie, Bhat, Shubha, Lee, James C. (2020). Gut microbiome and stool-based testing. Ambulatory Care Self-Assessment Program, 2020 Book 3. (pp. 125-146). American College of Clinical Pharmacy.
Flowers, Stephanie A, Ward, Kristen M, Clark, Crystal T. (2020). The Gut Microbiome in Bipolar Disorder and Pharmacotherapy Management. Neuropsychobiology, 79, (1), 43-49. doi:10.1159/000504496.
Professional Leadership
NIH Early Career Review Program, 10/20/2022 - 10/21/2022
ACCP Clinical Research Challenge, 5/20/2021 - Present
ACCP: On Demand Letter of Intent (LOI) Review Service, 5/16/2020 - 5/17/2022
ACCP Clinical Research Challenge, 5/5/2020 - Present
American College of Clinical Pharmacy: Committee (Credentials: Membership), 5/16/2019 - Present
Curriculum Vitae Review Service (ACCP), 1/13/2018 - Present
Education
Degrees:
PhD, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Tennesee, 2013
PharmD, University of Southern California, United States, 2007
BS, University of California at Davis, United States, 2001
Minor BA, University of California at Davis, United States, 2001
Selected Presentations
Flowers, Stephanie. (2022 October 15). The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Mental Health Conditions and Its Impact on Psychiatric Pharmacotherapy. 2022 Global Conference on Clinical Pharmacy. San Francisco.